You have been assigned a concept to investigate in groups of three based on the 2013 Case study. For each concept assigned you will;
- Create a detailed mind map using A3 paper or A4 Manila paper. The mind map should include all relevant related technologies, terminologies, benefits, problems, issues, examples from research, suggested solutions to some of the problems etc. (exhaust all that we need to know about the concept)
- Use different colors to represent different information in the mind map.
N/B The final mind map developed will be presented during our next lesson on Monday10th Sept 2012. This work will be graded based on Content, clarity, depth, and the presentation quality.
William, Sheehan, Emmanuel- Online booking system
Jamal, Caleb, Solitei- System Interfaces
Sadrudin, George, Aarfa- Dispatch systems
Jamil, Fatema, Sohail- Journey optimization
Examples of mind maps
4 comments:
Journey Optimization:
What is Journey Optimization Software?
This is software, usually used by taxi and other transport related companies, that provide the most efficient and shortest route to a given destination. This comes in handy for such companies when they have to make deliveries as fast as possible.
Benefits:
Private Vehicles:
By providing the fast route to a destination, it essentially reduces the amount of time one spends on the road as well as cutting down fuel costs.
Commercial Vehicles:
Journey Optimization software’s allow commercial vehicles to quickly reach their destination and hence make their deliveries on time. Furthermore, it reduces company’s costs on fuel as the more time spent on the road, the higher amount of fuel consumed by the vehicle.
Pedestrians:
Reduced negative externalities on pedestrians caused by the burning of fuels by cars, this essentially relieves pedestrians from noise pollution caused by cars as well as pollution and health related problems caused by inhalation of carbon dioxide.
Cycles:
Journey optimization software’s provide solutions that benefit cyclists; these include special roads for bicycles etc.
Related Technologies:
•Traffic signal coordination software:
A feature of journey optimization software that incorporates traffic as part of its advice on the fastest route one should take. Most of the time spent on the road is due to traffic, this feature analyzes data received from traffic systems, allowing drivers to avoid traffic and ultimately save time.
•Meter reading:
Meter reading feature which counts the distance travelled by the vehicle. Useful for companies as they can analyze whether employees are actually doing their jobs rather than going to unauthorized destinations, the journey optimization software also calculates the distance to a specified destination, therefore, the meter reader can be used as a method of watching over employee’s travels.
•Decision making software:
Expert system that helps drivers make informed decisions on the route they should take to save the most time.
Issues:
•Reliability: like most computer systems, if not tested and updated manually, the software can make mistakes, providing inaccurate information
•Equality of access: Quite expensive, meaning that only larger companies can afford it.
•Only occurs where GPS Works
•New roads undetectable: the system does not incorporate newly created roads (when not updated into the system); hence these roads are excluded from the prescribed route.
•Prediction of traffic is difficult: impossible to predict unfortunate circumstances such as accidents.
Solutions:
•Extended Roaming Network: Can be used to access GPS signals in areas where the signal is weak.
•Authentication Checks to ensure system works properly and to maintain system integrity.
•Frequently update the system
•Development of simpler system, making it affordable to all.
Examples:
•Cheetah
•DHL
Solutions:
System Interfaces
Technologies
The system that people use to interact with a computer (to give it commands, to see the results of those commands, etc.) is known as the user interface.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Windows XP is an example of an operating system with a GUI.
GUIs are quite easy to use due to the visual nature of the interface – the user has lots of visual clues as to what things do.
However, to display all of the nice graphics required by a GUI takes a lot of computing power so quite a powerful computer is needed.
Command Line Interface (CLI)
Many years ago when computers were not very powerful they could not display the colourful graphics required for a GUI. The only interface available to most computer uses was the ‘command line’.
The user would see nothing but a black screen. They would have to type a command to make anything happen.
Technologies involved with System Interfaces:
Software technologies:
Plugins:
It is commonly known as a hardware or software module that adds a specific feature or service to a larger system.
Speech Recognition:
It is basically a software component that transforms spoken words into alphanumeric text and navigational commands that can be recognized by a PC..
Widgets:
It is a part of a Graphic User Interface that allows the user to communicate with the application and operating system
Applications:
These are basically programs used to do the real tasks for the user for example Microsoft office.
Hardware technologies:
Touch Screen:
Keyboard and keypad:
Normal Screen/Monitor:
Microphone
Speaker:
Mouse:
Advantages (In comparison to CLI)
We are suggesting why a GUI should be used by the taxi company over a CLI. However, by providing the disadvantages of the GUI, we are evaluating its effectiveness over a CLI
Learning Curve
o Unlike CLI systems that require users to memorize commands, GUI systems offer a comparatively intuitive approach. Even users without any significant training can learn the system with ease and operate software to accomplish their goals. Multitasking
o GUI systems offer a simple means of multitasking. Users can maintain multiple open applications and transition between them with a click of the mouse.
o Visuals
o GUI systems provide a more pleasant visual environment with which to work on the computer, which makes GUI a desirable feature for most end-users.
Control
o GUI systems provide the end-user with less control over the operating and file systems than a comparable CLI system..
Disadvantages
Speed
• Using an interface involves moving a mouse pointer to an icon or some other control element, clicking and then waiting for something to happen.
Control
• Operating systems that use GUIs do not offer the same level of control to advanced users than alternative input systems like command prompts do.
Lack of Scripting Capabilities
• With a GUI, there is no way to directly cause a chain of computer-wide events to occur at once. You can't easily create system events.
Examples of system Interfaces:
Futuristic Glass:
This futuristic concept aims to integrate the capabilities of online-services in our daily life. Since web users can now access the Web everywhere and all the time, one can use their mobility for a number of useful applications.
JDome:
John Nilsson’s jDome lets gamers see about 50% more of the game they are playing. The main idea behind the interface to to alter the Field of View (FOV) in a game with a few simple commands and use a projector to provide gamers with a 180-degrees of game display.
System Interface Issues
1) Choosing how to interact – The right interface for the right software
2) Off the shelf vs. Customized interfaces
3) Upgrades are not always easy – old hardware does not support new software
4) Costs to upgrade are high
5) Systems need expert maintenance – only limited amount of experts If customized
6) Steep learning curve
7) Cost to teach constantly educate employees.
System Interfaces
Technologies
The system that people use to interact with a computer (to give it commands, to see the results of those commands, etc.) is known as the user interface.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Windows XP is an example of an operating system with a GUI.
GUIs are quite easy to use due to the visual nature of the interface – the user has lots of visual clues as to what things do.
However, to display all of the nice graphics required by a GUI takes a lot of computing power so quite a powerful computer is needed.
Command Line Interface (CLI)
Many years ago when computers were not very powerful they could not display the colourful graphics required for a GUI. The only interface available to most computer uses was the ‘command line’.
The user would see nothing but a black screen. They would have to type a command to make anything happen.
Technologies involved with System Interfaces:
Software technologies:
Plugins:
It is commonly known as a hardware or software module that adds a specific feature or service to a larger system.
Speech Recognition:
It is basically a software component that transforms spoken words into alphanumeric text and navigational commands that can be recognized by a PC..
Widgets:
It is a part of a Graphic User Interface that allows the user to communicate with the application and operating system
Applications:
These are basically programs used to do the real tasks for the user for example Microsoft office.
Hardware technologies:
Touch Screen:
Keyboard and keypad:
Normal Screen/Monitor:
Microphone
Speaker:
Mouse:
Advantages (In comparison to CLI)
We are suggesting why a GUI should be used by the taxi company over a CLI. However, by providing the disadvantages of the GUI, we are evaluating its effectiveness over a CLI
Learning Curve
o Unlike CLI systems that require users to memorize commands, GUI systems offer a comparatively intuitive approach. Even users without any significant training can learn the system with ease and operate software to accomplish their goals. Multitasking
o GUI systems offer a simple means of multitasking. Users can maintain multiple open applications and transition between them with a click of the mouse.
o Visuals
o GUI systems provide a more pleasant visual environment with which to work on the computer, which makes GUI a desirable feature for most end-users.
Control
o GUI systems provide the end-user with less control over the operating and file systems than a comparable CLI system..
Disadvantages
Speed
• Using an interface involves moving a mouse pointer to an icon or some other control element, clicking and then waiting for something to happen.
Control
• Operating systems that use GUIs do not offer the same level of control to advanced users than alternative input systems like command prompts do.
Lack of Scripting Capabilities
• With a GUI, there is no way to directly cause a chain of computer-wide events to occur at once. You can't easily create system events.
Examples of system Interfaces:
Futuristic Glass:
This futuristic concept aims to integrate the capabilities of online-services in our daily life. Since web users can now access the Web everywhere and all the time, one can use their mobility for a number of useful applications.
JDome:
John Nilsson’s jDome lets gamers see about 50% more of the game they are playing. The main idea behind the interface to to alter the Field of View (FOV) in a game with a few simple commands and use a projector to provide gamers with a 180-degrees of game display.
System Interface Issues
1) Choosing how to interact – The right interface for the right software
2) Off the shelf vs. Customized interfaces
3) Upgrades are not always easy – old hardware does not support new software
4) Costs to upgrade are high
5) Systems need expert maintenance – only limited amount of experts If customized
6) Steep learning curve
7) Cost to teach constantly educate employees.
System Interfaces
Technologies
The system that people use to interact with a computer (to give it commands, to see the results of those commands, etc.) is known as the user interface.
Graphical User Interface (GUI)
Windows XP is an example of an operating system with a GUI.
GUIs are quite easy to use due to the visual nature of the interface – the user has lots of visual clues as to what things do.
However, to display all of the nice graphics required by a GUI takes a lot of computing power so quite a powerful computer is needed.
Command Line Interface (CLI)
Many years ago when computers were not very powerful they could not display the colourful graphics required for a GUI. The only interface available to most computer uses was the ‘command line’.
The user would see nothing but a black screen. They would have to type a command to make anything happen.
Technologies involved with System Interfaces:
Software technologies:
Plugins:
It is commonly known as a hardware or software module that adds a specific feature or service to a larger system.
Speech Recognition:
It is basically a software component that transforms spoken words into alphanumeric text and navigational commands that can be recognized by a PC..
Widgets:
It is a part of a Graphic User Interface that allows the user to communicate with the application and operating system
Applications:
These are basically programs used to do the real tasks for the user for example Microsoft office.
Hardware technologies:
Touch Screen:
Keyboard and keypad:
Normal Screen/Monitor:
Microphone
Speaker:
Mouse:
Advantages (In comparison to CLI)
We are suggesting why a GUI should be used by the taxi company over a CLI. However, by providing the disadvantages of the GUI, we are evaluating its effectiveness over a CLI
Learning Curve
o Unlike CLI systems that require users to memorize commands, GUI systems offer a comparatively intuitive approach. Even users without any significant training can learn the system with ease and operate software to accomplish their goals. Multitasking
o GUI systems offer a simple means of multitasking. Users can maintain multiple open applications and transition between them with a click of the mouse.
o Visuals
o GUI systems provide a more pleasant visual environment with which to work on the computer, which makes GUI a desirable feature for most end-users.
Control
o GUI systems provide the end-user with less control over the operating and file systems than a comparable CLI system..
Disadvantages
Speed
• Using an interface involves moving a mouse pointer to an icon or some other control element, clicking and then waiting for something to happen.
Control
• Operating systems that use GUIs do not offer the same level of control to advanced users than alternative input systems like command prompts do.
Lack of Scripting Capabilities
• With a GUI, there is no way to directly cause a chain of computer-wide events to occur at once. You can't easily create system events.
Examples of system Interfaces:
Futuristic Glass:
This futuristic concept aims to integrate the capabilities of online-services in our daily life. Since web users can now access the Web everywhere and all the time, one can use their mobility for a number of useful applications.
JDome:
John Nilsson’s jDome lets gamers see about 50% more of the game they are playing. The main idea behind the interface to to alter the Field of View (FOV) in a game with a few simple commands and use a projector to provide gamers with a 180-degrees of game display.
System Interface Issues
1) Choosing how to interact – The right interface for the right software
2) Off the shelf vs. Customized interfaces
3) Upgrades are not always easy – old hardware does not support new software
4) Costs to upgrade are high
5) Systems need expert maintenance – only limited amount of experts If customized
6) Steep learning curve
7) Cost to teach constantly educate employees.
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