Research on the assigned task and post your findings in this blog. This work will be graded
Atiya
- Name some of the robots that have been used in situations dangerous for humans to work.
- Describe how one of the robot works
- What are some of the benefits and limitations of using such robots
- Outline some ethical decisons regarding the use of such robots.
Gary
- Name some of robots that were designed to be used as pets.
- Describe how one of the pet robot functions is used as a pet.
- What are some of the benefits / limitations of using such pet robots
- Outline some of the social impacts of thier use.
Tasin
- Name some of robots used to care for the disabled.
- Describe how one of the robot functions.
- What are some of the benefits and limitations of using such robots
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
Rishad
- Name some of robots used in warfare(military).
- Describe how one of the such robot was used.
- What are some of the benefits and limitations of using such robots
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
Terry
- Name some of robots used to care for the elderly.
- Describe how one of the robot functions or is used to care for the elderly.
- What are some of the benefits and limations of their use?
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
Sajni
- Name some of robots used in exploration.
- Describe how one of the robot functions or it is used in the exploration.
- What are some of the benefits and limations of their use?
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
Nafisa
- Name some of robots used surgery.
- Describe how one of the robot was used.
- What are some of the benefits and limations of their use?
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
Immaculate
- Name some of robots used to car assembly.
- Describe how one of the robot is used.
- What are some of the benefits and limations of their use?
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
Salima
- Name some of robots designed for entertainment.
- Describe how one of the robot functioned.
- What are some of the benefits and limations of using entertainment robots?
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from thier use.
35 comments:
http://news.discovery.com/tech/sex-robot-initially-health-aid.html
There is alot about this robot used in entertainment, her name is Roxxxy.
Check out the website that describes why she was first created and what she is being used for now, as well as her developments and upgraded features...
More examples:
Successful uses of robots for entertainment are:
Amusement parks for special attractions
Restaurants to entertain customers in the lobby and dining area
Nightclubs for in between live bands or full-time!
Department stores to entertain children while their parents shop -- kids bring the parents back time and again to visit the robots
Birthday parties and Bar Mitzvahs at FEC's, Bowling Centers, Skating Centers and Retail Companies
http://www.robotfactory.com/ent.htm
This site is really interesting and has lots of unique robots like:
The mouse trap coffee table:
A mechanised iris is built into the top of a coffee table. This is attached to a infra red motion sensor. Crumbs and food debris left on the table attract mice who gain access to the table top via a hole built into one over size leg. Their motion activates the iris and the mouse falls into the microbial fuel cell housed under the table. This generates the energy to power the iris motor and sensor.
Other include:
•Lampshade robot
•Fly stealing robot
•UV fly killer parasite
•Fly-paper robotic clock
http://www.materialbeliefs.com/prototypes/cder.php
Another area where personal use robots are being introduced is in the care for the elderly. In countries where there are increasing numbers of the aged with comparatively fewer numbers of young people to provide them with care, due to low birth rate and increased longevity, such as is the case in Japan and a growing number of Western countries, robots are increasingly thought to be the answer. These robots are being designed to provide physical services such as carrying bedridden elderly people (or even the handicapped), or washing for them, and doing various other day-to-day tasks. And then there are robots being designed to provide mental services, such as offering the therapeutic effect of interacting with the often lonely elderly people.
an example is CareBot who was specially designed to help the elderly.The CareBot allows seniors to stay in their homes (rather than an assisted-living facility) while reducing isolation by initiating videoconferencing sessions with family members. It also communicates reminders about daily tasks and allows the user to access Web tools on the robot's touch-screen.
Social Impact in differnt places around the world:
In Japan and South Korea, ideas of future robots have been positive, due to the famous 'Astro Boy' started who the pro-robotic society. Asian countries such as Japan, South Korea, and more recently, China, believe robots to be more equal to humans, having them care for old people, play with or teach children, or replace pets etc.[36] The general view in Asian cultures is that the more robots advance, the better.
"This is the opening of an era in which human beings and robots can co-exist," says Japanese firm Mitsubishi about one of the many humanistic robots in Japan.[37] South Korea aims to put a robot in every house there by 2015-2020 in order to help catch up technologically with Japan.[38][39]
Western societies are more likely to be against, or even fear the development of robotics, through much media output in movies and literature that they will replace humans. Some believe that the West regards robots as a 'threat' to the future of humans, partly due to religious beliefs about the role of humans and society.[40][41] Obviously, these boundaries are not clear, but there is a significant difference between the two cultural viewpoints.
source of information: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Robot#Social_impact
Charlie the health robot is working his charm on residents in Auckland's Selwyn Village who have agreed to take part in the pioneering trials.
The robot is designed to do simple tasks usually done by an aged care worker such as taking vital signs, reminding patients to take medication and even chatting with them, albeit simply.
The robot can move through a patient's house unaided, guided by a coded pattern on the roof and the camera on the top of his screen will allow for instant face recognition, which means better human interaction.
The toddler-sized machine is being programmed to determine how often it should remind its charges to take their medication, when to notify an overseer and when to just let the patients enjoy some autonomy.
Problems depicted in popular culture: Ethical issue for the future?
Fears and concerns about robots have been repeatedly expressed in a wide range of books and films. A common theme is the development of a master race of highly intelligent robots, motivated to take over or destroy the human race. (See The Terminator, Runaway, Blade Runner, RoboCop, the Replicators in Stargate, the Cylons in Battlestar Galactica, The Matrix, and I, Robot.) Some fictional robots are programmed to kill and destroy; others gain superhuman intelligence and abilities by upgrading their own software and hardware.
Salima
How has HARIS robot been used for entertainment? To me HARIS is more of an helping hand.
You need to get one example of robot used for entertainment
1) A robotic pet is an artificially intelligent machine made in the image of an animal commonly kept as a pet. So far, these animals include dogs, cats, rabbits, and birds. Some people even treat these robots as actual pets. Robotic pets may also include things not normally considered pets, like Pleo, a robotic dinosaur. Names of some robotic pets:
• Furreal Dog
• Wowwee Pets
• Kung Zhu Pet
• Interactive Dinosaur
• Furreal Cat
• Robotic Bug
• Hasbro I Dog
Here are some of new robotic technologies which care for the elderly,
1) Robot arm a.k.a My Spoon. This arm will be able to feed elderly or disabled people with a mechanical arm wielding a spoon or fork. The operator needs to control a joystick, just like on a video game, to maneuver the arm to bring food to the eater’s mouth.
The cost is about $3,500 each.
2)The intelligent wheelchair. This uses a positioning system to automatically travel between preset destinations and uses sensors to detect obstacles or safety concerns along the way.
3)RI-MAN humanoid can already carry a doll weighing 12 kilograms (26 pounds) and could be capable of bearing 70 kilograms within five years.
The 100-kilogram (220-pound) robot can also distinguish eight different kinds of smells, can tell which direction a voice is coming from and uses powers of sight to follow a human face.
This robot is meant to keep a watchful eye on the elderly.
4)The robot, called the uBOT-5, could allow elder people to live independently, and provide relief for caregivers, the medical system and community services, The robot can dial 911 in case of emergencies, remind people to take their medication, help with grocery shopping and allow the person to talk to loved ones and health care providers. he uBot-5 system can also track non-human objects. If a delivery person leaves a package in a hallway, the sensor array is trained to notice when a path is blocked, and the robot can move the obstruction out of the way.
It can also raise its outstretched arms, carry a load of about 2.2 pounds and has the potential to perform household tasks that require a fair amount of dexterity, like cleaning.
The uBot-5 system was inspired by the human anatomy.
An array of sensors acts as the robot’s eyes and ears, allowing it to recognize human activities, such as walking or sitting.
The uBOT-5 carries a web cam, a microphone, and a touch-sensitive LCD display that acts as an interface for communication with the outside world.
The interface also allows people to access the unit and visit their elderly parents from any Internet connection. Via the web cam they can navigate around the home and look for their relative, who may not hear the ringing phone or may be in need of assistance.
The robot can also recognize an abnormal visual event, such as a fall, and notify a remote medical caregiver. Through the interface, the remote service provider may ask the client to speak, smile or raise both arms, movements that the robot can demonstrate. If the person is unresponsive, the robot can call 911, alert family and apply a digital stethoscope to a patient, conveying information to an emergency medical technician who is en route.
Doctors can also perform virtual house calls through the interface.
http://www.sciencebuzz.org/blog/
www.terradaily.com/.../Aging_Japan_Building_Robots_To_Look_After_ Elderly.html
http://www.helioza.com/Directory/Science/Technology/Robots-to-Care-for-the-Elderly-7.php
US military - Talon 3B explosive ordnance disposal unit
Korea Military – Surveillance/Combat XAV –
US military – irobot warrior – used for EOD, firefighting, rescuing wounded soldiers in battle
The talon was used during the war of Iraq to safely dispose off landmines.
Korean XAV: These unmanned vehicles are remotely controlled and are able to take part in stealth or attack activities deep into enemy territories without discovery. Less opportunity cost (1life vs $36 million)
The talon was used during the war of Iraq to safely dispose off landmines.
Korean XAV: These unmanned vehicles are remotely controlled and are able to take part in stealth or attack activities deep into enemy territories without discovery. Less opportunity cost (1life vs $36 million)
Benefits: They can perform a number of risky or dangerous tasks which will limit the number of lives at stake e.g. bomb defusal, spying in enemy territory
Benefits: They can perform a number of risky or dangerous tasks which will limit the number of lives at stake e.g. bomb defusal, spying in enemy territory
Limitations: - Artificial intelligence not fully developed for UAV in order for them to handle weapons independently (they are remotely controlled), due to fear of bots going ‘rogue’ and causing a threat to humans, and other similar ethical issues.
social issues: structural unemployment in the bomb squad
ethical issues:
Is it right to leave a robot with a gun?
Who is responsible for ensuring that it will not harm civilians?
Robots cannot perform evrything that humans want them too. Are they able to show feelings that are indescribable to us humnas? So even though they may be good companions, they are limited only to what we program them to 'know'.
At the same time they are show cases of our creativity and are able to be controled in order to benefit us, like in this case in the entertainment business. This reduces the low-class jobs that us humans may have to do.. and entertainment, does not have to include a lot of human robot interaction..
Robots cannot perform evrything that humans want them too. Are they able to show feelings that are indescribable to us humnas? So even though they may be good companions, they are limited only to what we program them to 'know'.
At the same time they are show cases of our creativity and are able to be controled in order to benefit us, like in this case in the entertainment business. This reduces the low-class jobs that us humans may have to do.. and entertainment, does not have to include a lot of human robot interaction..
Robots cannot perform evrything that humans want them too. Are they able to show feelings that are indescribable to us humnas? So even though they may be good companions, they are limited only to what we program them to 'know'.
At the same time they are show cases of our creativity and are able to be controled in order to benefit us, like in this case in the entertainment business. This reduces the low-class jobs that us humans may have to do.. and entertainment, does not have to include a lot of human robot interaction..
2) Furreal Dog: Picture this, you wake up in the morning, your late for work and young furry 'rover' has had an accident. You don't have time to clear it up, the kids haven't even been feed and rover needs his morning walk, not to mention breakfast..........does it all sound like a bit to much hard work on a Monday morning? There just isn't enough hours in your busy day for a real life dog. The new Furreal Puppy is every parents dream come true. An incredibly realistic dog without the mess! Now you can walk your very own dog, with GoGo My Walkin Pup. Realistic barking, walking movement and touch sensor responses bring GoGo to life. Attach GoGo's lead and you are in charge with movement and steering control. GoGo has 18 unique sounds to express her mood. Furreal Puppy has several touch sensors located on her body and head that bring your fur real walking pup to life when she is stroked, hugged or petted making go go my walkin pup the most interactive robot pet available today. If you want to take your fur real dog for a walk, there is a fashionable purple lead included in the box. Simply attach the lead to her collar and she will walk with you, don’t worry about being dragged off, there is a controller built into the lead so that you can direct your GoGo Pup where you want her to go.
1)MER-A Spirit and MER-B opportunity - used to explore the Martian Surface and Geology in Mars
2)These Robots have different cameras designed to do different sorts of tasks each with a different level of zoom. They could be used to examine the texture, color mineralogy, and structure of the local terrain. Some cameras can also be used to identify promising rocks and soils for closer examination, and determines the processes that formed them. Basically it can be used to analyze the rock formations, textures and also the chemical components inside it.
This robot functions on solar panels and rechargeable lithium batteries that collect the energy and store it for later use. Furthermore it can use star scanners and sun scanner to know its orientation in space.
3)The cost of taking care of a real dog is way higher. You have to buy stuff like food, grooming items etc. Whereas with the Furreal puppy you don’t have to do not have to deal with any of those costs. You just have to charge it or buy batteries for the robotic pet.
However nothing can beat a real dog and the relationship you will have with it as it grows up because the Furreal puppy stays the same size. I think the robotic dog is like having a imaginary friend it’s a nice thing to have a friends but it doesn’t beat the real thing.
Some examples of robots that care for disabled include :
1) EI-E, a robot that can see, hear, push, pull and twist in order to perform basic household tasks for its disabled commander.
The El-E helper bot was first programmed to retrieve objects designated by a human using a laser pointer. Multiple cameras helped guide a grasping, two-fingered hand to the target. After successful early trials, the lab expanded El-E's interface to combine voice commands with the laser to accomplish more complex tasks, like opening doors (albeit slowly--see the sped up video of EI-E opening a door below). The robot recognizes words such as "tug" or "push" and performs the action on an object illuminated by the laser.
2) Twendy One. This is a household robot that can understand instructions and help with household chores.
Almost anything like getting a bottle from the fridge, using thongs to lift bread from toaster onto plate and carrying a tray of food from kitchen to dining table.
he can understand HUMAN instructions and remember the location of things. At the start of the demonstration video, the man wakes up from his sleep and calls out to Twendy. Twendy responses (with a greeting) and moves towards the bed awaiting the next instruction. The man then tells Twendy he wants to get onto his wheelchair located next to the bed. Twendy then offers both her arms which the man holds onto before Twendy lifts him onto his wheelchair. That’s not all, this intelligent robot has sensors all over to detect pressure not only on her hands but body as well.
4) Concerning pets for the disabled, the pets could be fitted with high-tech equipment such as cameras and sensors. This would help them better than normal pets would. However for example let’s take a blind person if they use a dog to help them get around a place or town and this dog is replaced by a robotic dog. The technology is not so far advanced for the dog to control where he or she is going thus proves useless with helping the disable people as they have to guide the dog walking when it should be the other way round. But in the future this could change.
Robots have proved to be rather helpful in this technologically enhancing era, where it is becoming increasingly difficult for humans to meet the standards of perfection and efficiency of the robots. However, more importantly, robots are playing a larger role in our lives for the reason that they save humans from putting their lives at risk in tedious and hazardous jobs.
One example of dangerous situation where a robot has been employed instead of human includes the automotive industry. Here they are predominantly used as assembly line workers. These robots reduce the risk of heavy parts falling on humans. Therefore by working in such dangerous situations, humans remain safe. Other advantages include: they are precise and contain sufficient strength to fix metal machinery; they are tireless and so can work long hours without having to be paid or cared for as such. Nevertheless, there are initial development costs and maintenance costs which can be rather high. And there are some tasks which are just impossible and unpractical for a robot to carry out such that it is more efficient even in terms of costs for humans to carry them out.
http://www.ehow.com/how-does_4572605_how-robots-used-industry.html
Another example is a robot still in its development stage called the SAMRRM (Smart Autonomous Mobile Robots for Rescue Missions). This technology involves sending robots into dangerous situations, ahead of human rescuers, to gather information or to operate in their place. This is because “In many cases, it might be too dangerous to send human rescuers to a disaster zone”. these robots will be able to fly, crawl, creep, and of course, survive unforgiving environments. They’ll also be able to “talk” to their controllers, transmitting critical information to aid rescue. These robots, using their sensors and radio frequency identification (RFID) technology, will be able to pinpoint and relay the exact location of victims.
Advantages:
The robot rescuers would eliminate the need to compromise the safety of human rescuers in the efforts to save others.
SAMRRM could make rescue efforts more efficient and successful by accurately assessing and responding to emergencies, and by equipping workers with the information to do the same.
Disadvantages:
It will take time, research and a lot of money to establish and maintain these complex robots.
They are man-made machines after all and therefore, incase faced by a difficult situation, they are likely to get stuck and not know what to do. Thus proving to be dangerous instead.
Ethical issues:
The ethical concern that comes up here is that over-relying on a robot for a rescue mission can prove to be harmful for the victims of the rescue mission. The robot may be unable to handle the victim appropriately especially if the victim is injured. This can harm the victim. Whereas a human presence would be more comforting for a human in his/her moment of trauma.
http://www.innovationcanada.ca/en/articles/robots-to-the-rescue
robots are also used in nuclear power plants where it is extremely dangerous and practically impossible for humans to work without being harmed. this is because of the omnipresence of radioactive waste which is very harmful (cancerous) for humans and also because humans cannot be around when large amounts of nuclear energy is being released.
1.Name some of robots used surgery:
-Tele-robotics: this focuses on surgical systems over a large distance, where a surgeon console could be in one part of the world while the manipulator could be in another.
-ROBODOC is made by CUREXO Technology Corporation and is used for orthopedic surgeries
-The Da Vinci robot surgical system
-ZEUS robot
2.Describe how one of the robots was used:
It was created by Intuitive Surgical in 1999 and was approved by the FDA for general laparoscopic procedures in 2000. While the Da Vinci robot is used during surgery, it does nothing on its own. It is controlled by the present surgeon. This type of robot uses minimal invasive approach by making small incisions instead of one large one therefore reducing levels of blood loss, post-surgical trauma, and scar tissue.
The Da Vinci robot allows the surgeon to have a more natural control of tools. A patient’s insides are viewed via 3D diagrams, preserving the hand-eye coordination.
The robot is used for several gynecologic, urologic, cardiac, thoracic and other operations.
For example, if the Da Vinci robot is to be used for a kidney transplant, the largest incision it would make would be to insert the kidney. It would continue to use the minimal invasive approach throughout the operation.
3.What are some of the benefits and limitations of their use?
Benefits:
-Surgical robots will eliminate the need of some people in the operating room. This will then reduce the risk of things going wrong. A reduction of personnel will also reduce costs for the hospital and the patient.
-With surgical robots, there is also a possibility of tele-surgery. This will enable surgeries to be performed long-distance reducing costs and, possibly even saving lives.
-Surgical robots will decrease the chances of an operation going wrong due to human errors.
-Enhanced precision and reliability due to the fact that surgical robots use the minimally invasive approach.
-They can decrease fatigue for doctors and thus reducing hand tremors and surgical faults.
Limitations:
-Robotic surgery can take a lot of time depending on the surgeon’s expertise and experience with the various equipments. Sometimes, the longer the surgery, the more complicated it can get.
-Because this is a new type of technology, it can be very expensive to for patients to be able to enjoy this service.
-The robots can be awkward, bulky and cause a lot disruption in the operating room
ROBOTS IN CAR ASSEMBLY
- Name some of robots used to car assembly.
Some of the different types of robots used in car assembly are the Robotic arm and the Robotic sprayer.
- Describe how one of the robots is used.
The robotic arm has a computer program that is installed in their controller which instructs them on how to move. It is made up of six joints which allows it to move and rotate easily. Each joint is connected to a step motor where a computer controls these through rotation and movement. Another factor of the step motor is that it is able to move in exact increments allowing the robotic arm to repeatedly move precisely. Also, there is a motion sensor connected to the arm to ensure that the robot is moving in the right amount. The robotic arm has end effectors that are installed to enable them to move them from place to place. An example of end effectors is a simplified version of the hand which grasps and carries different objects. They have pressure sensors that are built in telling the computer how hard the robot is gripping an object. This prevents the robot from breaking or breaking whatever it’s carrying. The robot is taught how to work through a handheld controller which guides the arm in motions. The robot then stores its movement in its memory then repeats the process as new cars are going through the assembly line.
- What are some of the benefits and limitations of their use?
The benefits of robots used to car assembly are:
The robots are able to work more quickly and efficiently than humans, resulting in greater preciseness.
The robots never get sick and they don’t need breaks like humans do, hence they are able to work consistently 24 hours a day, 7 days a week with a continuous greater output.
They have reduced worker injury including repetitive stress injuries.
They save the cost of labour and they have minimum human supervision
The limitations of robots used to car assembly are:
They need humans to be able to think; hence they are not able to do anything beyond what has been inputted. Therefore, they can’t be creative or innovative.
They can’t make decisions and they can’t learn from their mistakes, hence they may make the same mistakes repeatedly.
- Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from their use.
Some of the social/ ethical issues that arise from the use of robots in car manufacturing are:
Unemployment: People are replaced by robots in manufacturing cars hence fewer jobs would be available for humans resulting in an increase of unemployment.
Reliability: Robots only think the way they are designed, hence is a sudden emergency occurs, they are not able to respond causing havoc in the working area.
Equality of access: It is expensive for a firm/company to hire robots to work for car manufacturing; hence there are places and other companies that would not be able to afford them.
Expense: If the robots break down, they would cost a lot to repair and also there is a maintenance price used for them.
Professionals needed: To train the robots, professionals are needed for them which incurs more costs.
4.Outline some of the social / ethical issues arising from their use:
-Reliability: even though robots will be the ones performing the operation, mistakes can still occur because they are not programmed to deal with emergencies.
-Equality of access: Because it’s going to be expensive, many people will not be able to afford the services surgical robots provide.
-Unemployment: As people will be put out of work
Post a Comment